Thomas s



T. S. BROWN.

QUARTZ ORUSHER.

No. 26,249 Patented Nov. 2-9, 1859.

UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE THOMAS S. BROW'N, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

QUARTZ-CRUSHER.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 26,249, dated November 29, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS S. BROWN, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Machine for Crushing Quartz, Ores, and other Hard Substances which are Usually Broken or Crushed by Pestles; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings,

making a part of this specification, in

which Figure 1, is a sectional elevation of my invention. Fig. 2, is an external view of the upper part of ditto.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the-two figures.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of crushing machines in which pestles are used for performing the work.

The object of the invention is to prevent the pestles wearing unevenly an efiect due to the flow of the pulp through the mortar or box in which the pest-les work.

The invention consists in a peculiar construction of the pestles, and employing therewith nipples or cones, substantially as hereinafter described, whereby the desired end is attained.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention I will proceed to describe it.

A, represents a suitable framing in which a vertical arbor B, is placed, said arbor having a pestle C, at its lower end and a spiral or screw fianch a, on its upper part, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2.

The pestle O, works within a mortar or box D, as shown clearly in Fig. 1, said mortar being secured in the lower part of the framing A, and having a hopper b, at one side and an eduction opening 0, at the opposite side over which a screen (Z, is placed. The pestle O, is tubular and its orifice at the lower end is of concave form so as to fit as the pest-1e falls over a nipple or cone 6, which is at the bottom of the mortar or box D. In the upper part of the pestle two lateral openings 6, are made to admit of the escape of air as the pestle falls.

The nipple or cone 6, as well as the pestle O, should be of chilled cast iron or other hard metal, and the nipple or cone 6, may be so attached to the bottom of the mortar or box as to admit of being readily removed if broken that its place may be supplied by a new one.

On the arbor B, just below the spiral flanch a, there are a series of circumferential threads f, on which a circular disk E, is secured by a clamp g, as shown in Fig. 1, said clamp being formed of two jaws h, h, provided internally with grooves to receive the threads 7", of the arbor, when the jaws h, h, are secured on the same. One jaw h, is attached to the disk, but the other h, is loose or detached from the disk but is secured to jaws h, and to the arbor by screws 2'.

F, is a shaft which is fitted in suitable bearings 7', attached to the framing A. On this shaft is placed a cam or wiper G, which acts against the dis: E, as the shaft F, ro-

tates and elevates the pestle C.

On the upper traverse bar 7c, of the framing A, a ratchet Z, is permanently attached, and on the ratchet Z, a ratchet m, is placed the latter having a pendent tube n, through which the arbor B, passes, the fianch a, of the arbor fitting in a spiral groove in the tube. The tube n, fits loosely within the ratchet Z. On the bar is, a guard 0, is secured, said guard projecting over the top of the ratchet m, and preventing the latter from rising unnecessarily high as the arbor B, is elevated.

The operation is a follows :The quartz, ore, or other substance to be crushed or broken is thrown into the hopper b, with a requisite amount of water. The shaft F, is rotated by any convenient power and the pestle C, is elevated by the cam or wiper G, which as it rotates acts upon the disk E. Each time the arbor B, rises the ratchet m, is rotated from right to left by the spiral fianch a, as the arbor B, rises without turning. The turning of the ratchet m, is permitted in the direction stated on account of the position of its teeth. As the arms of the cam or wiper pass the disk E, the arbor B, falls and the pestle O, in striking the quartz falls over the nipple or cone 6. As the arbor and pestle fall they are rotated by the spiral flanch a, as the ratchet m, is prevented from turning from left to right in consequence of its teeth catching into the teeth of the stationary ratchet Z. The pestle O, therefore has two movements, a vertical reciprocating and a rotating one, the latter occurring as the pestle descends. By this arrangement it will be seen that the face of the pestle is of annular form and will in consequence of its rotation wear uniformly all around the nipple or cone e, having a tendency to cause the inner edge of the pestle at its orifice to be subjected to equally as much wear as the outer part. The solid fiat pestles wear unevenly on account of the flow or feed of the quartz or ore through the box or mortar, and the mere rotating of the pestle without its tubular form and the employment of the nipple or cone would not answer as the pestle would then wear in a pointed or conical form.

The disk E, may be adjusted higher on the arbor B, as the pestle Wears, by loosening the jaw h.

Witnesses:

JOHN ADVIANUS, JOSEPH F. BROWN. 

